According to Kauffman (1988), guards who cope with prison by closing their minds to it, including both inmates and guards are known as:

a. White hats
b. Hard asses
c. Functionaries
d. Burnouts


c. Functionaries

Criminal Justice

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Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime is also called self-control theory

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice

In a disproportionate stratified random sample, the probability of selection is:

a. Unknown b. Known and unequal across strata c. Known and equal across strata d. Known and proportional across strata

Criminal Justice

Explain how and why a police leader would empower his or her subordinates.

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

If you conduct applied research, you are not expecting your results to have any immediate, practical application

a. True b. False

Criminal Justice