Describe Baumrind’s parenting styles including typical outcomes and factors that influence these styles

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

ANSWER:
Authoritarian parents tend to exhibit a high level of control and a low level of affection toward their children. They set high expectations for their children but without communicating the reasons behind their expectations. Baumrind found that children from authoritarian households tended to be more withdrawn, anxious, and conforming than other children.
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Authoritative parents tend to exhibit moderate control and are warm toward their children. Authoritative parents are least likely to spank or hit their children. Rules—and the consequences for violating them—are established in a democratic manner, and children are included in family discussions. Reasonable expectations and demands are made of the children, and the children respond accordingly. Baumrind found that parents who use this style of parenting tended to have competent, happy, and self-confident children. It appears to be the most effective approach to parenting.
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Permissive parents have very little control over their children. Discipline is lax. Children make their own decisions even when they may not be capable of doing so. Very few demands are made of the children in terms of rules or chores. Permissive parenting includes two distinct types: indulgent and neglectful. Permissive-indulgent parents are very warm, affectionate, and involved with their children but still make few demands on their children, hence the name “indulgent”. Permissive-neglectful parents make few demands and show little affection or warmth toward their children; they are uninvolved with parenting and neglect the emotional needs of their children. Children of permissive-indulgent parents tend to be impulsive, disobedient, yet emotionally secure, whereas children of permissive-neglectful parents tend to have the poorest outcomes in terms of social skills, self-esteem, and academic achievement.