What is hypercapnia? How does it affect respiration? What are common causes?
Hypercapnia refers to a condition of elevated partial pressure of carbon dioxide. This rise is detected by chemoreceptors in the aortic and carotid bodies and powerfully stimulates ventilation through effects on pontine nuclei. Hypercapnia results from increased production as during exercise or reduced elimination as in reduced alveolar ventilation.
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Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
From among the following list of animals, which would lose heat at the fastest rate per unit mass?
A) Bear B) Mouse C) Rabbit D) Wolf
The cell population of the white pulp
A) releases red blood cells into the lymphatic vessels. B) occupies primarily the visceral surface of the organ. C) includes lymphocytes. D) includes all of the normal components of the circulating blood. E) All of the answers are correct.
Which of the following descriptions best matches the term stapes?
A) moves up and down when the stapedius muscle contracts B) auditory ossicle attached to tympanic membrane C) bending it produces receptor potential in hair cells D) necessary for the static sense of equilibrium E) seals the oval window