The ability to engage in abstract reasoning about hypothetical events that are not directly experienced develops in which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
A) Concrete operations B) Formal operations
C) Preoperational D) Sensorimotor
B
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What do nearly all types of psychotherapy have in common? a. Clients make a commitment to making changes in their lives
b. The therapist helps the client reinterpret life events in a more realistic way. c. The therapist applies principles of reinforcement to change specific behaviors. d. The sessions focus on exploring repressed memories.
The longevity of women tends to be higher than that of men in most developed countries, but that advantage is not found in developing countries. Which of the following is a reason for this loss of extra female longevity?
a. Women are more susceptible to fatal infections in developing countries, because they do not work outside of the home and are not physiologically able to develop natural immunities. b. Women are not provided with health care in many developing countries, and thus often die before the age of 30 years. c. There are higher rates of death in childbirth in developing countries, which partially explains the loss of female longevity advantage. d. The rates of honor killings of women are so high in developing countries that the longevity advantage is eliminated.
Reinforcement reduces creativity because creativity requires new forms of behavior
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The environment has no impact on when genes are activated — they follow a predictable and predetermined schedule based on maturation
Indicate whether the statement is true or false