Explain why annotation is an important step in genomic sequencing projects, in the context of the percentage of the
human genome composed of coding regions. What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Although the human genome is large and contains over 3 billion nucleotides of DNA, only
about 2% of the genome contains protein-coding sequences, and only about 1.1% of the
genome is composed of exons, the nucleotides that actually specify the amino acids in a
protein. Looking at a DNA sequence, it is not obvious whether or not it contains genes. If the
sequence does contain one or more genes, it isn’t clear where they begin and end. Once a
genome sequence has been compiled, it is analyzed to find all the genes that encode proteins
and RNA. This process is called annotation (the analysis of genomic nucleotide sequence
data to identify the protein-coding genes, the nonprotein-coding genes, their regulatory
sequences, and their functions).
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Due to the infections of ________ by Claviceps purpurea human history has been altered
a. milk b. meat c. wine d. rye e. tomatoes
Which of the following statements is false?
a. Reflexes are the simplest of all nervous pathways. b. The nervous system required sense organs before organisms could perceive their environment. c. Motor neurons lead toward the central nervous system. d. Reflex actions are stereotyped and repeatable. e. All of these are false.
Genes associated with embryonic development are known as
A) homologous genes. B) sigma factors. C) heterologous genes. D) hopanoids. E) homeotic genes.
The term motor unit refers to
A) all the muscle fibers that synapse with one motor neuron. B) all sarcomeres within a single muscle fiber. C) an entire skeletal muscle. D) all the skeletal muscles in one region of the body. E) all the motor neurons stimulating a skeletal muscle.