Respond to statements 117–121 in reference to the five items
listed below.
a. antigens
b. antibodies
c. helper T cells
d. cytotoxic T cells
e. effector B cells
E 117. These bind, as in a lock-and-key mechanism, to
foreign proteins.
D 118. These produce immunoglobulins in response to the
reinvasion by a virus.
D 119. These directly attack the foreign cells of an
incompatible skin graft.
M 120. An Rh+ molecule in the body of an Rh woman is an
example of these.
D 121. Proteins produced by these attack bacteria and
viruses in the blood.
Answers: 117. b, 118. e, 119. d, 120. a, 121. e
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Scientists use mitochondrial DNA to track the migration of humans across the planet. After a group migrates away from their ancestral homeland, any mutations that occur are not mixed with those left in the ancestral population. Therefore, mitochondrial DNA samples taken from ____ would have the fewest unique mutations, representing the original and oldest DNA sequences.
A. Asia B. Australia C. Europe D. Africa E. the Americas