List and describe the four anomalies that may occur when creating database tables.

What will be an ideal response?


1. Data redundancy occurs when the same data are stored in more than one place in the database.
2. An insert anomaly occurs when the entire primary key is not known and the database cannot insert a new record, which would violate entity integrity.
3. A deletion anomaly happens when a record is deleted, resulting in the loss of other related data.
4. An update anomaly results when a change to one attribute value either causes the database to contain inconsistent data or causes multiple records to need changing.

Computer Science & Information Technology

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