The nurse is caring for a patient with a serum sodium level of 149 mEq/L. The nursing diagnoses appropriate for the patient at this time would be
1. risk for imbalanced fluid volume.
2. risk for ineffective cerebral perfusion.
3. risk for injury.
4. anxiety.
3
Rationale: A nursing diagnosis appropriate for a patient with hypernatremia is risk for injury because when administering water replacement, the changes in serum sodium can cause rapid fluid shifts in the brain and result in cerebral edema. The patient should be monitored for neurologic deterioration. Risk for imbalanced fluid volume and risk for ineffective cerebral perfusion are nursing diagnoses applicable to the patient with hyponatremia. There is no evidence to suggest the nursing diagnosis of anxiety would be applicable for the patient at this time.
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