The nurse is preparing a brochure that compares and contrasts cystitis and pyelonephritis. Which information should be included in the brochure?
1. Both conditions usually present with sudden onset of chills, high temperature, and flank pain.
2. Dysuria, especially at the end of urination, is often the initial symptom of both conditions.
3. Both conditions are associated with pregnancy complications including increased risk of preterm birth and of intrauterine growth restriction.
4. Urine culture is included in the evaluation of both cystitis and pyelonephritis.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Acute pyelonephritis has a sudden onset, with chills, high temperature, and flank pain (either unilateral or bilateral).
Rationale 2: The initial symptom of cystitis is often dysuria, specifically at the end of urination.
Rationale 3: Pyelonephritis during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction.
Rationale 4: Diagnosis of cystitis is made with a urine culture. Women with acute pyelonephritis should have a urine culture and sensitivity done to determine the appropriate antibiotic.
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