What are some of the reasons why iris biometrics is replacing retina biometrics?
What will be an ideal response?
Iris biometrics is replacing retina biometrics because it is an all-around better technology, which is
functional for both law enforcement and business security. Retina scanners are largely outdated and considered too intrusive to be practical in real-world applications. Due to the complicated nature of obtaining and analyzing retina scans, this technology is hard to implement and poses problems in the field. Unlike iris and fingerprint biometrics, individuals must be thoroughly trained on how to use retina image-capturing machines. The system and imaging apparatus are complex and will most likely be phased out and replaced by other biometric solutions. Iris systems can be installed relatively easily in a busy marketplace and can be used without human intervention. A retina system would often require an operator to quality check images and run/maintain the machine.
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Did the handcuffing and means of detention during the execution of the warrant violate the Fourth Amendment rights of Aysha and Hanaa Unus?
Federal agents obtained search warrants in 2002 alleging that the Islamic Institute of Islamic Thought ("IIIT"), a tax-exempt organization located in Herndon, Virginia illegally laundered and funneled money to terrorists. Iqbal Unus, Ph.D., was employed by IIIT. Dr. Unus, his wife, Aysha, and their two teenage daughters, including Hanaa, aged 18, lived in a two-story, single-family residence in Herndon. The Unus's are United States citizens and none had a criminal record. On March 20, 2002, at 10:30 a.m., eleven federal agents and three uniformed police officers executed a warrant to search the Unus residence. (Warrants were executed against 14 homes and offices that day). They pounded on the front door, ordering the occupants to open it. Aysha Unus was in the living room at rear of the home and Hanaa Unus was upstairs, asleep in her bedroom. Aysha heard the pounding and a voice commanding her to open the door, and saw a gun through a side window as she inched toward the door. Frightened and confused, Aysha began screaming for Hanaa, who came downstairs. They retreated to the rear, went into the living room, and called 911. At this time, the officers broke through the front door with a battering ram and an agent entered with a firearm drawn. Hanaa reported that an agent "pointed [a gun] at me, and he was yelling at me to drop the phone and put my hands up." Agents handcuffed Aysha and Hanaa behind their backs, and placed them on a chair and sofa in the living room. During the search, Aysha and Hanaa Unus remained handcuffed in the family room for nearly four hours. They were permitted to use the restroom upon request; Aysha was allowed to self-administer her diabetes medication. Around 2:00 p.m., the women were allowed to perform afternoon prayers, in accordance with their Muslim faith, with handcuffs removed. Aysha and Hanaa were not allowed to pray outside the presence of the male agents, nor were they allowed to wear head scarves or cover their hands while the male agents were present, or while being photographed. After prayers the two women were no longer handcuffed, but remained confined to the living room for the duration of the search. Computers and documents were seized. Agents left a copy of the warrant and a written inventory of the items seized. (According to news accounts, no criminal action had been taken as of 2008). The Unus' filed a civil suit against the agents and the government. What will be an ideal response?
In the condition called gynecomastia, male breasts enlarge
a. True b. False
Courts of general jurisdiction in the state system have hierarchical jurisdiction
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
After asking the examiner the questions you prepared about the fingerprints, you ask him questions about the shoeprints found outside the crime scene. This witness is only trained as a fingerprint examiner but you hope that the jury will consider his opinion about the shoeprints to be that of an expert. If they do consider his shoeprint comments to be knowledgeable and reliable, this would be an
example of: a. leading the witness. b. a Brady motion. c. the halo effect. d. a conflict of interest.