How did the rebirth in art and thought in Western Europe after 1000 occur? How was this an example of overcoming the effects of isolation?
What will be an ideal response?
Answers will vary but correct responses should include: People in Western Europe found ways to cope and contend with relative isolation. Scholars in the late tenth and eleventh centuries went to Muslim centers of learning in Spain to acquire groundings in science and mathematics and to learn Arabic. Gerbert of Aurillac—Otto III's tutor—sweated to learn mathematics in Toledo. Adelard of Bath studied Arabic to get access to translations of classical Greek books, lost in the West. In the late eleventh and twelfth centuries, pilgrimages, wars, and trade took Western Europeans in unprecedented numbers to the eastern Mediterranean, and brought them into contact with Islam and Eastern Christendom; at the same time, the westward trickle of communications from South and East Asia probably increased along the Silk Roads.
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