The key factor in the pathophysiology of a near drowning in salt water is that aspirated water
A. Washes surfactant out of the lungs
B. Causes an osmotic gradient that draws water into the alveoli
C. Decreases lung compliance
D. Increases the work of breathing, leading to hypoxia
B
Salt water is a hypertonic fluid that creates an osmotic gradient, which draws protein-rich fluid from the vascular space into the alveoli. This causes impaired alveolar ventilation and resultant intrapulmonary shunting, which compounds the hypoxic state.
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Which of the following is the most effective way to determine if Healthy People 2020 is improving the health of Americans?
a. Availability of relatable data on total population's health problems b. Comprehensive and systematically collected surveillance data on the health status of various population groups c. Increased financing to allow ongoing collation of information d. Willingness of individuals to share health information with the federal government
The x-ray of a client 14 weeks post-ulnar fracture exhibits no callus formation. Based on this data, which action does the nurse anticipate?
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The nurse suspects a client is experiencing the early signs of myxedema coma when which of the following is assessed? (Select all that apply.)
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A mother of a 16-year-old boy states that her son is sleeping all the time. The nurse knows that at this age, an adolescent tends to increase in all of the following areas except:
1. Metabolism. 2. Rapid growth. 3. Staying up later at night. 4. Academic requirements.