During which decade did criminologists reconsider the idea of retribution and advance new formations beyond the general thought of retribution as vengeance?

a. 1950s
b. 1960s
c. 1970s
d. 1980s


Ans: C

Criminal Justice

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In what ways do criminals attempt to expose possiblepolice infiltration?

What will be an ideal response?

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Most gangs in jails and especially prisons are based on ______ of loyalty.

A. facial lines B. base lines C. racial lines D. fishing lines

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Which of the following are considered to be high needs for women who have been victimized by sexual assault and intimate partner violence?

A. Appropriate job placements B. Resources, such as money C. Services for physical and emotional trauma D. Housing

Criminal Justice

Criminal ________ can result in incarceration of the noncompliant party if the moving party can prove, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the noncompliant party refused to comply with a court order.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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