Which patients are most likely to need continuous intravenous therapy? (Select all that apply.)
a. A 3-year-old who has had frequent diarrhea and vomiting for 3 days
b. A patient with pitting edema and lung crackles
c. An 85-year-old man with Alzheimer's disease who refuses to eat or drink
d. A 16-year-old girl with anorexia who has been repeatedly purging
e. A 45-year-old woman with a broken humerus
ANS: A, C, D
Very young and very old people have lower body water content and are therefore at higher risk for dehydration and need for IV therapy. A patient who purges is losing excess fluid and electrolytes. A patient with edema and crackles is fluid overloaded and does not need continuous IV fluids, and a 45-year-old with a broken bone is not at risk for fluid loss.
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