The nurse tests the clean-catch urine specimen using a dipstick and finds protein, blood, white cells, and bacteria. The nurse suspects the client might have:
1. Contaminated the urine specimen during collection.
2. A urinary tract infection.
3. Diabetes mellitus.
4. Fluid volume deficit.
2
Rationale: The client with blood, protein, white cells, and bacteria in the urine most likely has a urinary tract infection. Had the client contaminated the specimen, there might be bacteria, but there should not be any blood or protein. A client with diabetes, and elevated serum glucose, will have glucose in the urine. Fluid volume deficit would be indicated by a high specific gravity.
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A nurse is discussing the signs and symptoms of mastitis with a mother who is breastfeeding. What signs and symptoms should the nurse include in her discussion? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Breast tenderness 2. Warmth in the breast 3. An area of redness on the breast often resembling the shape of a pie wedge 4. A small white blister that may be seen on the tip of the nipple 5. Fever and flulike symptoms
The client has cancer. He asks the nurse where cancer comes from. What is the best explanation by the nurse?
1. "Cancer is genetic; you inherited the predisposition for your cancer." 2. "Cancer cells are your body's cells that have lost the ability to control their growth." 3. "Cancer is caused primarily by viruses in the environment." 4. "Cigarette smoking and second-hand smoke are the primary causes of cancer."
The nurse is providing patient education to a patient who is to begin taking atovaquone and proguanil (Malarone). Which statement by the patient best demonstrates understanding of the administration of this medication?
"I will take proguanil a. with food or milk." b. at least 2 hours after a meal." c. on an empty stomach to promote absorption." d. at least 1 hour after food or drink."
If a meal is eaten at noon, by 8 PM that evening, the food would probably be in the
a. stomach. b. small intestine. c. large intestine. d. colon.