Why does spalling of masonry occur due to freeze -thaw action?
What will be an ideal response?
Masonry materials absorb water. In cold climates, the freezing of absorbed water causes the bricks to expand,
creating compressive stress in masonry. On thawing, the stress disappears. Such repeated action causes fatigue in
masonry, resulting in its fragmentation, called spalling.
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a. compression test b. shear test c. tensile-strength test d. slump test
An excellent performance level for pigs weaned per litter for sows is an average of 6.5 to
8.0 pigs. A. True B. False
Use source transformation to find i? in the circuit of Fig. 4.100.
Available furnace cabinet configurations include:
A) Small, medium, and large. B) Flame-resistant, flameproof, and explosionproof. C) Vertical, horizontal, side-by-side, over-under, and wall mount. D) Up-flow, down-flow, horizontal, lowboy, multiposition.