Which of the following is the distinction between the circumstances of punishment and the usual life experience of the person being punished?

a. determinism
b. contrast effect
c. atavism
d. human agency


b. contrast effect

Criminal Justice

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______ suggests that, if people fear the punishments that others receive, they will decide NOT to engage in similar acts as they do not want to risk the potential punishment for themselves.

a. General deterrence b. Specific deterrence c. Individual deterrence d. Retributive deterrence

Criminal Justice

A supervisor's role:

a. is dynamic b. deals with human nature c. is to get their subordinates to do their very best d. all of the above

Criminal Justice

Preventing misconduct is a primary way to reduce complaints.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Criminal Justice

In evaluating the effectiveness of faith-based treatment programs

a. organic religion was least effective in reducing crime b. there was higher recidivism rates among secular programs than faith-based ones c. there is inconclusive evidence that faith-based programs are more effective than secular ones d. intentional religion was most effective in reducing crime

Criminal Justice