Which of the following are accurate statements about the interview process used by qualitative researchers? (Select all that apply.)
a. It is sufficient to develop interviewing skills once the interviewing of study participants begins since the qualitative research process involves co-construction of data; learning to interview is part of the process the researcher is expected to experience once data collection begins so that the interviewer enters the study without bias or preconceived ideas.
b. When participants appear to begin speaking about a subject that seems unrelated to the focus of the study, an effective strategy is to ask obtain the respondent's perspective by asking how the new subject is related to his/her previous comments.
c. The interviewer should dress in either business attire or a nursing uniform when conducing interviews or focus groups.
d. When a study participant appears to be fatigued or in pain from illness or treatments, the interviewer should offer to stop the interview, to take a break, or to reschedule for another day.
ANS: B, D
When the interviewer does not understand how a topic might be related to the topic being discussed, it is an effective strategy to obtain the participant's perspective; then, if there still appears to be no link, the interviewer can redirect the interview. The interviewer must not inflict unnecessary harm upon participants. Even though interviews are not generally considered invasive, they may be invasive to the psyche. Researchers who have less experience with interviewing should work to develop interview skills before they start interviewing study participants, since interviewing is a skill that directly affects the quality of the data produced. It is generally not a good idea for the interviewer to dress for an interview in business attire or a nursing uniform since this may emphasize power differences in the relationship. Interviewers should consider how the participant is likely to be dressed and select their own clothing accordingly.
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