Compare economic and ecological approaches to valuation of the environment
What will be an ideal response?
Ecological value can be measured by looking at ecological services provided by ecosystems and measuring the possible loss of services as a result of human impacts. Often these costs do not come into play until long after the ecosystem has been compromised or lost, and the services or actions that were supported by that ecosystem are now missing. For example, the ecological costs of the degradation of a forest are often not realized until reforestation of that land is required (because of extensive soil erosion, flooding, or siltation damage downstream) and undertaken.
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We calculate BSS = 10 * (540.3 - 543.6)2 + 16 * (602.9 - 543.6)2 + 17 * (489.8 - 543.6)2 = 105578.2 WSS = (10 - 1) * 46.42 + (16 - 1) * 47.42 + (17 - 1) * 48.92 = 91337.4 F = (BSS / (k-1)) / (WSS / (n-k)) = (105578.2 / (3 - 1)) / (91337.4 / (43 - 3)) = 23.1 The critical F value is F.05,2,40 = 3.23. The observed value vastly exceeds this, so we clearly reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the means differ across the groups.
The federal government manages roughly 35% of the country's land, which is jointly owned by ____.
A. native Americans B. the Bureau of Land Management C. various corporations D. all U.S. citizens E. the National Park System
Where would you find a cold desert biome?
a) Mojave b) Sahara c) Sahel d) Antarctica
Explain the most widely accepted hypothesis behind the formation of the Basin and Range Province. When was this process supposed to be occurring?
What will be an ideal response?