How does the Black Queen Hypothesis explain the effect of gene deletions on bacterial evolution?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The Black Queen Hypothesis states that some organisms can increase their fitness by selection loss (deletion) of specific genes. The loss of the genes decreases the genome and proteome size and thus the amount of energy it takes to reproduce, increasing the organism's fitness. However, it also makes the organism dependent on other members of the community to provide the functions or gene products that have been deleted. The dependent organisms that have lost genes will only be competitive as long as others in the community provide the functions/products that have been lost. Thus in environments with a stable community composition, organism may evolve smaller genomes through gene deletion. This has been observed in the open ocean and in some symbiotic organisms.
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Is this statement true or false? All atoms consist of electrons, protons, and neutrons
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Besides being selectively permeable and regulating transport the cell membrane is also involved in
A) secretion. B) storage of wastes. C) storage of DNA. D) Gram stain reactions.
A female chooses a mate by
A. selecting the more aggressive and vigorous males. B. selecting traits that improve the chances of offspring survival. C. courtship display rituals. D. All of the choices apply.
Which of the following is a unique organelle found within some protists but not in higher animal cells?
A. Contractile vacuole B. Golgi apparatus C. Endoplasmic reticulum D. Mitochondrion