The nurse recognizes that changes in elimination occur with the aging process. Which one of the following is an expected change affecting bowel elimination?
a. Absorptive processes are increased in the intestinal mucosa.
b. Esophageal emptying time is increased.
c. Changes in nerve innervation and sensation cause diarrhea.
d. Mastication processes are less efficient.
D
An expected change affecting bowel elimination is decreased chewing and decreased salivation, resulting in less efficient mastication.
Decreased nutrient absorption of the small intestine occurs in the older adult.
Esophageal emptying slows as a result of reduced motility, especially in the lower third of the esophagus.
With decreased peristalsis and weakened musculature, the older adult is more prone to constipa-tion. Duller nerve sensations may place the older adult at increased risk for fecal incontinence.
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