The health care providers and nurses caring for a group of clients with cancer have instituted a strict nutritional program with the goal of stimulating the clients' natural killer cells. How do these cells work?
Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. They phagocytize cancer cells.
2. The cells secrete chemical toxins that kill cancer cells.
3. They help to enhance inflammation.
4. They protect noncancerous cells from attack by viruses that cause cancer.
5. They modulate the adaptive immune response.
Correct Answer: 2,3,5
Rationale 1: Natural killer cells are not phagocytic.
Rationale 2: Natural killer cells do secrete toxins that kill cancer cells.
Rationale 3: Natural killer cells secrete chemicals that enhance inflammation.
Rationale 4: Interferons protect cells from viruses.
Rationale 5: Natural killer cells modulate the adaptive immune response.
Global Rationale: Cancer cells or virus-infected cells attract a different type of innate cellular response: natural killer (NK) cells. Found in most lymphoid organs, NK cells are not phagocytic, but they do release toxins that kill cancer cells or virus-infected cells. NK cells also secrete chemicals that enhance inflammation and modulate the adaptive immune response. NK cells do not phagocytize cancer cells or protect noncancerous cells from attack.
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