What is the current representation of men and women in the field of psychology?
a) Men earn more doctoral degrees than women.
b) Women earn more doctoral degrees than men.
c) Psychology does not categorize doctoral degrees by gender.
d) Women and men earn approximately equal numbers of doctoral degrees.
ANS: b
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Blake was at a football game and even though people wearing green jackets were spread fairly evenly throughout the stands, he still perceived all the people in green jackets as a single group of visiting fans. Blake's perception is most consistent with the Gestalt principle of
a. proximity. b. similarity. c. closure. d. simplicity.
The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia asserts that all of the following are associated with an increased vulnerability to schizophrenia EXCEPT
a. prenatal malnutrition. b. prenatal viral infection. c. repeated concussions in childhood. d. obstetrical complications at birth.
Given the research findings in this chapter, explain how you would respond to your own children when they do things that you do but that you do not want them to mirror. When would you use positive reinforcement? When would you use punishment to teach them things? When would you use negative reinforcement? What kinds of reinforcement schedules would you use? (Be sure that you clearly differentiate
between reinforcement and punishment, negative and positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement and punishment) What will be an ideal response?
If you stand in the middle of a long, straight stretch of road, it appears as if the sides of the road meet near the horizon. Since you know that the sides of the road are parallel, the distance implied is given by the pictorial depth cue of
a. atmospheric perspective. b. texture gradients. c. light and shadow. d. linear perspective.