Older adults experience a number of changes in the structure or function of their cardiovascular system. Which of the following changes is considered to be a normal, age-related change?
A) Veins become thinner and more elastic.
B) Regulation of blood pressure and heart rate becomes less efficient.
C) Heart valves become atrophied and regurgitation occurs.
D) Heart rate becomes slower and ejection fraction increases.
Ans: B
Overall regulation of blood pressure and heart rate becomes less responsive and less efficient with age. Veins become thicker and stiffer. Heart rate does not typically slow with age and valvular regurgitation is considered a pathologic condition at any age.
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