From his observations in England and his analysis of 19th-century industrial capitalism, Karl Marx saw socioeconomic stratification as a sharp division between two classes: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. He also argued that class consciousness comes about as a result of
a: the continuation of ethnic identities even though ethnic "markers" (distinct clothing styles, etc) have more or less disappeared
b: people recognizing they have a common economic interest and identifying themselves as part of the group that shares that interest
c: a growing distinction among religious beliefs in complex industrialized societies
d: people extending notions of kinship beyond the boundaries of actual biological relations
e: the gradual elaboration of gendered differences first established during the period of peasant substance farming
Answer: b: people recognizing they have a common economic interest and identifying themselves as part of the group that shares that interest
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A principal criticism of world-systems theory is that it tends to overemphasize the importance of __________
A. economic factors B. cultural traditions C. political institutions D. religious ideology
Describe at least four major species in our evolution in terms of their physical characteristics and when they lived.
What will be an ideal response?
Although diffusionism was a very interesting theory that contributed to our understanding of change as a result of culture contact, there were many areas for which it was a weak approach. Name at least four questions that the diffusionist approach could not answer
What will be an ideal response?
A holistic spiritual worldview that is found in egalitarian societies and which permeates all daily activities is called:
a. positivistic. b. spiritualistic. c. naturalistic. d. monistic. e. dualistic.