In the absence of sunlight, plants are not able to engage in the Calvin cycle due to a lack of

a. ATP.
b. NADPH.
c. oxygen.
d. Both a and c are correct.


d. Both a and c are correct.

Biology & Microbiology

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A circuit of neurons that helps in the automatic response to a stimulus is a(n) ________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

Biology & Microbiology

The function of a protein is dependent upon the shape into which the chain of amino acids folds. Many noncovalent interactions are responsible for maintaining the protein's shape. Assume you have isolated a protein from an organism in its proper shape, and you have treated it with an enzyme that selectively targets and breaks only the peptide bonds in the proteins. Would the protein retain its shape under these conditions?

a. Yes; because the noncovalent interactions that determine the shape of a protein are stronger than the peptide bonds. b. No; while the noncovalent bonds determine the shape of a protein, the peptide bonds are required to hold the amino acids together. c. Yes; but the shape would be affected to a greater extent by changes in temperature. d. Yes; once noncovalent bonding determines the shape of a protein, the peptide bonds are no longer necessary.

Biology & Microbiology

Glucose is not our only food source, nor the only one we can utilize in our bodies to generate energy. Other primary sources of energy include other sugars, proteins, and fats.What metabolic intermediate are fats primarily converted into?

A. Electron transport chain components B. Citric acid cycle intermediates C. Acetyl-CoA D. ATP Synthase E. Pyruvate

Biology & Microbiology

Arrange the following steps of mammalian inspiration (inhalation) in the proper sequence.

A. Step 1 B. Step 3 C. Step 4 D. Step 2

Biology & Microbiology