What are the three key elements for determining F, a measure that a particular allele is IBD, using pedigree analysis?
What will be an ideal response?
The three key elements to determining F from pedigrees are (1 ) the number of alleles of a gene carried by common ancestors, (2 ) the number of transmission events required to produce a genotype that is homozygous IBD, and (3 ) the probability of transmission for each event linking the allele in a common ancestor to the inbred individual. First-cousin mating is a form of inbreeding that is relatively common in many human societies and is common in mammals in general.
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a. chain A b. chain B
Meiosis and germination of spores is indicated by
letter a. A. b. B. c. C. d. D. e. E.
ATP can be used as the cell's energy exchange mechanism because
A) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the formation of ATP from ADP. B) ATP is the most energy-rich small molecule in the cell. C) endergonic reactions can be fueled by coupling them with the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds in ATP. D) ATP is a disposable form of chemical energy, used once and then discarded by the cell.
As the size of the random sample gets larger, what happens to the standard deviation of the distribution for the sample mean?
A. It goes to 1. B. It gets smaller. C. It gets larger. D. It becomes normal.