Why do Hirschi and Gottfredson conclude that white-collar criminality is less common as the types of criminality found among the lower classes?

a. People who have the opportunity to commit white-collar crimes rarely have the motivation
b. People who are in a position to commit white-collar crimes rarely have the necessary opportunity
c. People working at the white-collar level generally do not have the characteristics associated with crime commission
d. People at the white-collar level generally do not have the skills to commit crimes of any type


Answer: c

Criminal Justice

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