Four of the five answers are conditions that may help to break dormancy of seeds. Select the exception
a. abrasion of the seed coat
b. freezing temperatures
c. bright light
d. fire
e. salty soil conditions
e
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What is the difference between NAD+ and NADP?
A) NAD+ functions as an electron transporter, whereas NADP does not. B) NAD+ functions as a free-energy source for cells, whereas NADP does not. C) Both function as electron carriers, but NADP has a phosphate group and NAD+ does not. D) Both transport electrons to the electron transport chain (ETC) found on the inner mitochondrial membrane, but NADP transfers its electrons to the ETC at a higher energy level.
Which of the following are the only extant animals that descended directly from dinosaurs?
A) lizards B) crocodiles C) birds D) tuataras
Alternative exons can arise through the duplication and divergence of existing exons. What type of mutation below would be least tolerated during the evolution of a new exon?
(a) a nucleotide change of A to G (b) a deletion of three consecutive bases (c) mutation of the first nucleotide in the intron (d) a nucleotide change that alters a TT dinucleotide to AA
Other than the proteins that they encode, what is a major difference between cell-specific genes and
housekeeping genes? (PPE = promoter proximal element)
a. Cell-specific genes are expressed only in a single cell type; housekeeping genes are expressed in all cell types. b. Cell-specific genes have PPEs and enhancers; housekeeping genes have only PPEs. c. Cell-specific genes have PPEs that use specific activators; housekeeping genes have "universal" activators for their PPEs. d. Cell-specific genes are only found in certain cell types; housekeeping genes are found in all cell types. e. Cell-specific genes have PPEs that use "universal" activators; housekeeping genes have