Which of the following are strategies with which vertebrate hosts counteract the asymmetries between most pathogens and their hosts?
a. somatic mutation and lateral gene transfer between immune system cells
b. somatic recombination and restriction endonucleases
c. somatic mutation and recombination
d. rapid population growth of host organisms and clonal expansion
C
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According to the phylogenetic tree showing evolutionary relationships among viruses in Figure 13.6, which one of the following is most closely related to the human lentivirus HIV2?
A. a horse lentivirus B. another human lentivirus C. a cow lentivirus D. a simian lentivirus E. a cat lentivirus
In RNA, the base ____ takes the place of the base thymine
a. deoxyribose b. ribose c. pentose d. guanine e. uracil
Which cells assist and nourish neurons that transmit electrical signals?
a. receptor cells b. neurons c. effector cells d. glial cells e. signal cells
The structure that adjusts the amount of
incoming light is indicated by a. A. b. B. c. C. d. D. e. E.