How are back-up reinforcers obtained in a token economy?
a. by paying for them with tokens
b. in a response cost program
c. they are delivered following appropriate behavior
d. A and C
a
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Marvin has a long history of schizophrenia. His doctors say that he is currently in the residual phase; from this we can conclude that he
a. has recovered. b. has recently suffered an acute relapse. c. continues to be impaired in various ways. d. is experiencing hallucinations but not delusions.
A number of psychological disorders are associated with insomnia. Total sleep time often ________ depression, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, and neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease
a. Impulsive behavior b. Personality dysfunction c. Hormone imbalance d. Reward neurocircuitry in the brain
Lauren loves very hot, spicy foods full of pepper. Sometimes, her friends can't eat the food she prepares because they actually feel like their mouths have been burned. It is likely that this response results from the activity of
A. nociceptors that respond to certain chemicals. B. warm fibers. C. mechanoreceptors. D. a combination of warm and cold fibers.
According to Rogers, which identity search generally causes the most discomfort and anxiety?
a. committing oneself to a rigorous ideology b. joining a peacetime army c. becoming a member of a political or religious sect d. individual initiative and responsibility