Marc has tried to quit heroin seven times only to relapse each and every time; Marc has used dirty needles to shoot up and claims he doesn't care about the risks from sharing needles, and Marc spends the majority of his waking hours obsessing about
how to get high again. Marc shows the hallmark signs of:
a. Being in withdrawal
b. Addiction
c. Low self-esteem
d. Psychoactive drug use
B
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The learning theory that is best able to explain why physical punishment tends to increase aggressive behavior in children is
a. Skinner's theory of operant conditioning. b. Pavlov's theory of classical conditioning. c. Bandura's theory of observational learning. d. Rescorla's theory of signal relations.
Which of the following students provides the best understanding of the concept called elaboration?
a. Harry: "Elaboration means that you retrieve an item from working memory and use it immediately. b. Jodi: "Elaboration happens when you have successfully used encoding specificity." c. Elizabeth: "Elaboration means that you are trying to make an item as different as possible from all other items in memory." d. Soltan: "Elaboration means that you think about how an item is related to other concepts."
Which has the effect of reducing variance?
a. random assignment b. matched assignment c. holding variables constant d. random selection
Howard Gardner is to "multiple intelligences" as ________ is to "general intelligence."
a. Alfred Binet c. Robert Jones b. Howard Gardner d. Charles Spearman.