In the process of shaping, behaviors are ordered in terms of increasing similarity to the desired response. These behaviors are called _____________
a) primary reinforcers
b) successive approximations
c) secondary reinforcers
d) unconditioned stimuli
ANS: B
You might also like to view...
A rabbit learns to push only a red lever to receive food. This is an example of __________.
A. extinction B. discrimination C. avoidance training D. desensitization
Which statement is supported by research on nutrition?
A) Preschoolers require significantly more carbohydrates and fat than adults need. B) Serving “adult” foods like broccoli or tofu promotes picky eating in preschoolers. C) Offering bribes leads children to like healthy foods more. D) Offering sweet fruit drinks or soft drinks promotes “milk avoidance.”
Which of the following questions would be of LEAST interest to information-processing researchers?
A) Will rewards help children to learn to spell? B) Why does memory strategy usage increase with age? C) How do children solve math problems involving fractions? D) How do children perceive information in their world?
Current theorists agree that for most young people, identity development is not traumatic and disturbing but, rather, a process of __________ followed by __________
A) confusion; a crisis B) exploration; role confusion C) exploration; commitment D) questioning; role confusion