Community counseling did not develop until fairly recently because mental health workers and funding for mental health focused on mental illness and pathology
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
T
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The instructional use of debates is most appropriate at the
a. pre-operational stage b. concrete operational stage c. formal operational stage d. sensorimotor operational stage
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. To correct a criticism of DSM-IV, in DSM-5, disorders are no longer conceptualized as existing within the person, but instead between systems of people in transaction with one another. 2. Helping caregivers is a benefit of appropriately diagnosing children with psychological disorders. 3. Intelligence and achievement are two words for the same thing; intelligence refers to nonacademic domains and achievement refers to the scholastic domain. 4. One criticism of the DSM-5 is that the distinctions between normal and abnormal are often arbitrary. 5. An IQ of 100 is considered normal and anything other than 100 is considered abnormal.
Which of the following is NOT a possible goal for members of counseling groups?
a. To express one's emotions in an unhealthy way b. To help members learn how to establish meaningful and intimate relationships c. To develop concern and compassion for the needs and feelings of others d. To increase awareness and self-knowledge
What recommendation did Bandura make about making punishment useful?
a. As long as punishments are consistent and immediate, they will eventually have lasting results. b. Punishment is not necessary if the authority figure will offer a reasoned explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable c. Bandura said that punishment just doesn’t work—that positive reinforcement is the only consistent way to change behavior. d. Combining negative consequences with a reasoned explanation of why the behavior is unacceptable produces more future self-restraint than punishment alone. e. Combining negative consequences with positive reinforcement for good behavior is the most effective form of behavior modification.