Proton pumps within the electron transport chain transport H+ ions __________.
a. from intermembrane space to cytoplasm
b. from cytoplasm to matrix
c. from matrix to intermembrane space
d. from matrix to cytoplasm
c. from matrix to intermembrane space
The proton pumps within the electron transport chain transport H+ ions (protons) across the inner mitochondrial matrix
(bottom of the figure) to the intermembrane space (top of figure).
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A zoologist analyzes the jawbones of an extinct mammal and concludes that it was an herbivore. The zoologist most likely came to this conclusion based upon _____
A) the position of muscle attachment sites B) the shape of the teeth C) the size of the mouth opening D) the angle of the teeth in the mouth
Air rushes into the lungs of humans during inhalation because
A. pulmonary muscles contract and pull on the outer surface of the lungs. B. smooth muscle lining the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles contracts and causes their volume to increase. C. the diaphragm contracts and pushes upward on the chest cavity. D. pressure in the alveoli increases. E. the volume of the thoracic cavity increases.
Match the interaction or bond on the left with the phrase that best describes it on the right
A) electrostatic interactions B) transient interactions at very close range C) sharing of electrons D) association of nonpolar groups E) noncovalent attraction among water molecules 1) hydrogen bond 2) ionic bonds 3) van der Waals interactions 4) hydrophobic interaction 5) covalent bonding
Polar bodies are unique products of ________
A) cytokinesis B) oogenesis C) mitosis D) spermatogenesis