How does studying monozygotic and dizygotic twins help one understand the genetic basis for a trait or behavior?
What will be an ideal response?
Monozygotic twins are identical in their genetic endowment, whereas dizygotic twins share as much of their genetics as non-twin siblings do. This difference allows researchers to tease apart the relative contributions of genetics and environment for a variety of different traits and behaviors, such as temperament, intelligence, personality, and so forth. When monozygotic twins have very different characteristics, there is a greater likelihood that genetics are not involved or at least are less involved in the development process. It is not always possible to determine whether something is genetically determined, however, since monozygotic twins often are treated in very similar ways since they appear to be so similar.
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The perceptual tendency to group together objects that are near each other is called
a. proximity. b. similarity. c. continuity. d. common fate.
To be accurately diagnosed with major depressive disorder, you would have to display at least five symptoms from a nine-symptom list. That nine-item list includes all of the following EXCEPT
a. significant weight loss or weight gain. b. insomnia or too much sleeping. c. feelings of worthlessness or extreme guilt. d. auditory or visual hallucinations.
Psychologists favor the lifespan approach to development because
a. it illustrates that the changes during late adulthood are even more dramatic than the changes during infancy. b. the research techniques are more valid than when other approaches are used. c. it demonstrates that the cognitive changes between infancy and old age are relatively minor. d. it emphasizes that people continue to develop through out their lifetime.
A factor analysis can identify
a. the best types of questions to use in order to measure intelligence. b. groups of tests that accurately measure intelligence. c. groups of tests that seem to measure similar characteristics. d. the best type of test for a particular age group. e. the validity and reliability of a test.