Which of the following lines makes a valid argument from this statement?"If Joe is a bachelor, then Joe is a male."

A. Joe is not a bachelor; therefore Joe is not a male.
B. Joe is not a male, therefore Joe is not a bachelor.
C. Joe is a male, therefore Joe is a bachelor.


Answer: B

Philosophy & Belief

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According to Thomas Hobbes' idea of the social contract, the legitimacy of the state is based on _______

A. a state of nature B. a war of all against all C. a life that is nasty, brutish, and short D. the consent of the governed

Philosophy & Belief

The Buddhist teaching of anatman is the doctrine that

a. there is no separate, permanent, or immortal self. b. the gods are not allowed to help people attain spiritual awakening. c. God cannot and will not answer prayers. d. once a person dies, they will enter the wheel of birth and death.

Philosophy & Belief

In contexts when arguments are accompanied by background information (information that is not part of either the premisses or the conclusion), the point of that information may be

a. to add humor. b. to indicated whether the conclusion is desirable or undesirable. c. to comment on the quality of the evidence. d. All of these choices.

Philosophy & Belief

According to psychological egoism people

A) Act in ways that are harmful to them. B) Often act against their own self interests. C) Act in the way they perceive to be best for them. D) Act out of deep subconscious needs.

Philosophy & Belief