A nurse is assessing a newborn who is about 41/2 hours old. The nurse would expect this newborn to exhibit which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sleeping
B) Interest in environmental stimuli
C) Passage of meconium
D) Difficulty arousing the newborn
E) Spontaneous Moro reflexes
B, C
Feedback:
The newborn is in the second period of reactivity, which begins as the newborn awakens and shows an interest in environmental stimuli. This period lasts 2 to 8 hours in the normal newborn (Boxwell, 2010). Heart and respiratory rates increase. Peristalsis also increases. Thus, it is not uncommon for the newborn to pass meconium or void during this period. In addition, motor activity and muscle tone increase in conjunction with an increase in muscular coordination. Spontaneous Moro reflexes are noted during the first period of reactivity. Sleeping and difficulty arousing the newborn reflect the period of decreased responsiveness.
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