A pregnant woman has come to the emergency department with complaints of nasal congestion and epistaxis. What is the correct interpretation of these symptoms by the practitioner?
a. These conditions are abnormal. Refer the client to an ear, nose, and throat specialist.
b. Nasal stuffiness and nosebleeds are caused by a decrease in progesterone.
c. Estrogen relaxes the smooth muscles in the respiratory tract, so congestion and epistaxis are within normal limits.
d. Estrogen causes increased blood supply to the mucous membranes and can result in congestion and nosebleeds.
D
The client should be reassured that these symptoms are within normal limits. No referral is needed at this time. Progesterone is responsible for the heightened awareness of the need to breathe in pregnancy. Progesterone levels increase during pregnancy. Relaxation of the smooth muscles in the respiratory tract is affected by progesterone. As capillaries become engorged, the upper respiratory tract is affected by the subsequent edema and hyperemia, which causes these conditions, seen commonly during pregnancy.
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Models have been developed to explain the issues encountered by people with disabilities. One of these models is the interface model. What does the interface model promote?
A) The view that people with disabilities function effectively B) The belief that disabling conditions do not have disabling effects C) The view that those people with disabling conditions function at a level below the "normal" population D) The belief that people with disabling conditions are incapable and irresponsible
Risk assessment for a patient shows these findings
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While discharge planning, the nurse asks the patient if there is anything in particular the patient will need once she returns home
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A client has specific cultural needs that affect the plan of care. In which part of the client's problem-oriented medical record should the nurse document this information?
1. Database 2. Problem list 3. Plan of care 4. Progress notes