A client has experienced a subarachnoid hemorrhage and is at risk for intracranial pressure (ICP) due to the initiation of the vasodilatory cascade. The primary risk factor for this series of events is:
1. Cerebral tissue ischemia.
2. Cerebral edema.
3. Vasoconstriction of cerebral vessels.
4. Decreased cerebral perfusion pressure.
Cerebral tissue ischemia.
Rationale: The vasodilatory cascade is a series of events triggered by hypoxia, with the result being increased ICP. Vasoconstriction of cerebral blood vessels is not a cause of ICP. Depressed cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) is a decrease in the pressure gradient that drives cerebral blood flow. Cerebral edema may be a result of the vasodilatory cascade but is not its cause.
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