What is the status of initiative and referendum in Texas?
A) Both were adopted in Texas during the Progressive era and are still in effect, giving Texans a
direct voice in government.
B) The initiative process was never adopted in Texas, but the referendum process was adopted
following the 1974 Texas Constitutional Convention.
C) Texas has neither the initiative nor referendum process.
D) The referendum process was never adopted in Texas, but the initiative process was adopted
following the 1974 Texas Constitutional Convention.
E) Initiative and referendum were proposed in the 1875 Constitutional Convention and adopted in the
1876 Texas Constitution.
C
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In the early days of the United States, communities were idealized as civic republics where citizens a. seek to build an economically inspired community that is interested in maximizing individual liberty andaccumulating wealth
b. view the community as a corporate enterprise that is driven to minimize costs and maximize fee income. c. view community government based on the principle of mutual consent, and citizens share fundamental beliefsand participate in public affairs. d. view community government based on the principle of laissez-faire economics.
The transfer of power from a central government to lower governments, usually at the regional (i.e., provincial) level is called
a. localism. b. devolution. c. confederation. d. new institutionalism. e. constitutionalism.
Which of the following is an example of a block grant?
A) federal aid to state and local governments that is earmarked for specific purposes such as pollution control, schools, or hospitals B) federal aid to state and local governments that is for general use in a broad area such as community development C) federal grants without any inspection D) federal grants with almost no cost E) federal grants which require that the states pay the majority of the cost involved in solving a civic problem
Which of the following explains the increased population density in Medieval Europe that led to modern state formation?
A. increase in military expenditures B. increase in tax revenues C. increase in contagious diseases D. increase in food production E. increase in extraction of resources from overseas empires