How did Christians practice their faith, and how did the papacy respond to those practices?
What will be an ideal response?
The ideal answer should include:
a. The cult of local patron saints was widespread in Christian communities.
b. The papacy sought to standardize Christian practices and encouraged veneration of Jesus and Mary rather than the patron saints who reflected local interests.
c. Devout Christians lamented the moral laxity, worldliness, and materialism surrounding them and established new religious orders and communities. The Cistercians promoted asceticism, while the Franciscans and Dominicans carried out their religious mission as mendicant friars.
d. The Cistercians, Franciscans, and Dominicans received papal approval.
e. While condemned as heretics, the Cathars and Waldensians shared many of the same beliefs as Christians. Their quest for personal purity (which led some to depart from Catholic doctrine) and criticism of the Catholic Church made them targets of crusades and inquisitions.
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The Swiss Brethren were also known as Anabaptists because they
A) considered infant baptism unbiblical and re-baptized adults. B) completely rejected baptism as a sacrament. C) believed Christians were predestined to damnation unless they were baptized. D) did not understand the meaning of baptism. E) believed that only the pope could baptized Christians.
In which areas were the Mayan and Aztec civilizations similar?
A. They both practiced human sacrifice. B. Both had religious practices and beliefs brought from Asia in the eleventh century. C. Both used sophisticated alphabets with thirty-nine letters. D. They were both seafaring societies. E. Volcanic eruptions destroyed both civilizations.
Which type of touch is a higher-status individual most likely to initiate?
A. handshakes B. less intrusive touch C. handshakes and touching of the arm or shoulder D. touching of the arm or shoulder
This prominent militant group, founded in Oakland, California, in 1966, was varied in their focus. While becoming notorious for armed self-defense in response to police brutality, they also ran health clinics, schools, and children's breakfast programs.
What will be an ideal response?