Which reveals more about the way people are sentenced in the United States: public opinion poll research, or social science research?
What will be an ideal response?
Public opinion research on sentencing preferences demonstrated higher validity when the public was given diverse sentencing options and adequate information, such as program descriptions and detailed information about an offense or an offender. However, readers are cautioned that exposure to information may have only short-term effects rather than lasting effects, as many beliefs about crime and punishment are based on emotional rather than rational arguments (Maruna & King, 2008). This reliance on emotional reactions may lead to temporary increases in funding for particular programs, policies, or sanctions. However, it may also lead to the continuance of having punishments that do not achieve the desired outcomes. A good example is three strikes legislation that has not always resulted in removing only the most serious offenders from society. Conversely, valid social science research removes the emotional response and measures the degree of effectiveness of programs based on the program's ability to achieve desired outcomes/goals.
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To organize is to create an orderly structure or arrangement
a. True b. False
Malice aforethought is the modern standard when describing the mens rea for murder
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The fruit-of-the-poisonous-tree doctrine refers to:
a. the expansion of the exclusionary rule to ban evidence indirectly based on illegal government activity b. the expansion of the exclusionary rule to include contraband c. applying the exclusionary rule to constitutional violations committed by judicial personnel d. applying the exclusionary rule to constitutional violations committed by state law enforcement officials
___________ is a view of criminal justice that focuses on crime as an act against the community rather than the state. Justice should involve all parties affected by crime-victims, criminals, law enforcement, and the community
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word