Both deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning are essential to criminologists. However, sometimes we cannot always make useful predictions for every social situation or research problem that we seek to investigate. We may find unexpected patterns in the data we collect. What is the term used to describe this? Define that term. Then provide some suggestions on the process a researcher could invoke in order to make sense of their unanticipated findings.

What will be an ideal response?


Serendipitous findings or anomalous findings. Definition: Serendipitous findings (anomalous findings): Unexpected patterns in data, which stimulate new ideas or theoretical approaches. Researchers that run into this problem can try to reason inductively to make sense as to why those unanticipated findings came up. That is, they could think of additional constructs or relationships between those constructs that were not accounted for initially. Then they could return to deductive reasoning and create a new plan of study to formally test their new ideas.

Criminal Justice

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In the triad system the rank of all members begins with the number "3"

a. True b. False

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Community corrections supervision attends to two major groups of offenders: those sentenced to community corrections (e.g., probationers) and

A. juveniles. B. offenders reentering society after serving time in prison. C. the mentally ill. D. violent offenders.

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In all states, the death of the victim of a listed felony, and a third person killed by the felon, constitute

a. felony murder b. involuntary manslaughter c. first degree homicide d. voluntary manslaughter

Criminal Justice

According to the Supreme Court decision in Wolff v. McDonnell,

A) sanctions cannot be levied against inmates without appropriate due process. B) inmates have the right to consult jailhouse lawyers when trained legal assistance is not available. C) double-celling is not in itself cruel and unusual punishment. D) prison officials are required to provide proper medical care to inmates.

Criminal Justice