What is a "history of reinforcement" and how does it help explain individual differences?
What will be an ideal response?
A history of reinforcement is a unique set of experiences each individual accumulates over his or her lifetime. The history of reinforcement culminates into a unique repertoire of responses that have been selected, shaped, and maintained. Individual differences in responding to current stimulus conditions can be analyzed in terms of each individual's unique history of reinforcement and repertoire. Individuals also present "varying sensitivities" to stimuli and differences in response mechanisms which also be taken into account when discussing individual differences.
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To find all materials indexed by a given resource that deal either with handicapped persons, or motor performance, you would execute the following Boolean search
a. handicapped and motor performance. c. handicapped, not motor performance. b. handicapped or motor performance. d. None of these answers.
Which of the following components to giftedness offered by the Marland Report was dropped soon after the report was published?
a. specific academic aptitude b. psychomotor ability c. visual and performing arts d. leadership ability
When a teacher prepares recordings for use with students, it can only be used for direct instruction
A. TRUE B. FALSE
When students are given an informal reading inventory (IRI), that test typically consists of what type of activities for overall assessment?
a. overall reading level b. comparison to peers c. normative samples d. graded word lists that students can read