Identify and describe the two elements of incrementalism.

What will be an ideal response?


Incrementalism has two distinct elements, but both support the basic logic that making comprehensively rational policy decisions is impossible and even perhaps unwise. The empirical approach to incrementalism has examined repetitive policymaking--especially on the budget. These studies have found that the volume and the complexity of the decisions lead decision-makers to fall back on simple incremental rules of thumb rather than attempt to make some perfect allocations of funds. The assumption is that by making a series of small adjustments over time, appropriate allocation of funds will be achieved. The normative argument for incrementalism is that in the long run, better decisions are made by “successive limited comparisons” of a policy choice to the status quo and gradually adapting policies through trial and error and learning. The argument is that this allows retreats if poor initial choices are made and prevents costly investments in poorly designed programs. On the other hand, incrementalism can be seen as excessively conservative, retaining existing policies for longer than might be justified and preventing significant policy reforms

Political Science

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Formula grants provide the most administrative discretion, and state and local governments must apply to receive this form of grant-in-aid

Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

Political Science

What is the general trend in the balance of power between Congress and the other branches?

  a. Congress is weaker overall and weaker in relation to the other branches.   b. Congress is weaker overall but stronger in relation to the other branches.  c. Congress is stronger overall but weaker in relation to the other branches.  d. Congress is stronger overall and stronger in relation to the other branches. 

Political Science

Article I, section 8 of the Constitution contains __________ powers

a. the legislative powers b. the executive c. the judicial d. the states'

Political Science

Equity consists of

a. a system of law where a court awards remedies that frequently include injunctions. b. a rule of law that applies in determining the compensation of judges. c. court interpretations of the Constitution in the realm of freedom from arbitrary discrimination. d. criminal prosecutions that result in a conviction. e. advisory opinions issued by the Supreme Court.

Political Science