What economic factors enabled Europeans to catch up with China and the Ottoman Empire in world trade?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Economic factors
1. more population means more economic activity
a. eighteenth-century economic activity marked a new departure
from long-prevailing global patterns
b. regional gap in production, and therefore in wealth, began to
narrow
c. West began to catch up with China and India
d. new rich among the world's economies began to emerge in
Europe and America
e. India and the Ottoman Empire were in sharp relative decline
f. China maintained its supremacy, but signs suggested that its
days as the world's richest society were numbered
2. China
a. increased scale of traditional industry, but without need for
mechanization, in contrast to the West
b. Westerners clamoring for Chinese tea, silk, porcelain find
substitutions; development of opium as commodity for
Westerners to market in China
c. increased demand for opium in China
d. gradual shift of wealth and power to the West
3. Ottoman Empire
a. despite abundance of raw materials, limited industry leads to
competitive disadvantage with Europe by late 18th century
b. lavish lifestyles of Ottoman elites benefit European importers of
luxury goods; decline of Persian silk, Egyptian linen as trade goods
c. gradual encroachment of European powers
d. decline of sultan's power and prestige
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What will be an ideal response?
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