Why can you not determine causation if you find that two variables are correlated?
a. Because variable A might cause variable B or variable B might cause variable A
b. You do not know which variable came first to cause the other vairable.
c . There could be another variable that causes both A and B to change and A and B do not actually affect each other.
d. All of the above
Ans: d. All of the above
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The development of hearing in the fetus may be linked to
a. degree of external stimulation. b. the development of the cerebellum. c. myelination of the neurons involved in hearing. d. the inability of the fetus to hear at all
In a(n) _____, the experimenter measures scores on both variables, whereas in a(n) _____, the experimenter manipulates or changes one variable and measures scores on the other
a. correlational study; research design c. correlational study; experiment b. research design; experiment d. experiment; correlational study
Which statement expresses a reason that it has been difficult in the United States to enact public policies aimed at the well-being and development of children and youths?
A. Given the failure of such policies in other Western countries, lawmakers have been resistant to try them in the United States. B. The interdependent nature of U.S. citizens has made the U.S. government hesitant to become involved in family matters. C. Children have less influence in the public policy process because they cannot vote or speak out to protect their own interests. D. Research shows that public policies aimed at fostering children's development do not yield significant returns in cognitive enrichment.
The Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is
a. a statistic used to assess the direction and the size of the relationship between two variables. b. a statistic used to indicate the central tendency of descriptive data. c. a procedure used to create experimental manipulations. d. a statistic used to compare groups of individuals in experimental research.