One piece of evidence in support of the endosymbiotic theory is that ____
a. mitochondria, plastids, and bacteria have cell walls of the same composition
b. mitochondria and plastids are similar in size to bacteria
c. mitochondria and plastids are similar in structure to archaea
d. plastids can live free of a eukaryotic cell
e. mitochondria and cyanobacteria process energy similarly
ANSWER: b
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The jaws of vertebrates evolved from the:
A. gill cartilage of jawless fish. B. gill cartilage of ancient sharks. C. cartilage supporting the nostrils of jawless fishes. D. ear bones of ancient fish. E. first two vertebrae of ancient fish.
Most reactions in the body occur too slowly to sustain life. This is because
A) there is not enough ATP in body cells. B) many reactions require large inputs of activation energy. C) no catalysts are present in body cells. D) all reactions in the body are endergonic. E) most biological catalysts are not active at body temperature (37°C).
Elizabeth takes a prescription drug that dilates her arterioles. What does this do to her blood pressure? Why?
A. It rises because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels. B. It rises because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels. C. It stays the same because venules, not arterioles, control blood pressure. D. It falls because this increases the cross-sectional area of the vessels. E. It falls because this decreases the cross-sectional area of the vessels.
You are interested in understanding the regulation of nuclear lamina assembly
To create an in vitro system for studying this process you start with partly purified nuclear lamina subunits to which you will add back purified cellular components to drive nuclear lamina assembly. Before you start doing experiments, your instructor suggests that you consider what type of conditions would be most amenable to the assembly of the nuclear lamina from its individual subunits in vitro. Which of the following conditions do you predict would be most likely to enhance the assembly of the nuclear lamina? (a) addition of phosphatase inhibitors (b) addition of ATP (c) addition of a concentrated salt solution that is 10 times the concentration normally found in the nucleoplasm (d) addition of protein kinase inhibitors