The nurse contributes to the plan of care for an older patient. The nurse recognizes which of the following occur with aging to plan care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Bladder size increases
b. Glomerular filtration rate increases
c. Detrusor muscle tone decreases
d. Number of nephrons decreases
ANS: C, D
With age, the number of nephrons in the kidneys decreases, often to half the original number by age 70 or 80 (Fig. 36.3). The GFR also decreases; this is in part a consequence of arteriosclerosis and diminished renal blood flow. The urinary bladder decreases in size, and the tone of the detrusor muscle decreases. This may result in the need to urinate more frequently or in residual urine in the bladder after voiding. Older people are also more subject to infections of the urinary tract, and these aging changes may influence medications and dosage for older people.
You might also like to view...
A teen client acts out in disruptive ways. When he threatens to throw a pool ball at another
adolescent, which intervention would set limits and give permission? a. "You will be taken to seclusion if you throw that ball.". b. "Do not throw the ball. Put it back on the pool table.". c. "Attention, everyone. We are all going to the crafts room.". d. "Please, do not lose control of your emotions.".
Which instruction/precaution should the nurse teach the postmenopausal client who is prescribed to take estrogen replacement therapy?
A. "Avoid barrier methods of contraception." B. "Perform a breast self-examination monthly." C. "Be sure to use an oil-based lubricant during intercourse." D. "Change positions slowly when moving from a lying or sitting position to a standing position."
Mrs. Bower is a 39-year-old patient who has come to the office for a routine physical examina-tion. As the health care provider, you know that the skin temperature is best assessed with the:
a. dorsal surface of the examiner's hand. b. palmar surface of the examiner's hand. c. ulnar surface of the examiner's hand. d. pads of the examiner's fingers.
In which patient would the use of sildenafil for pulmonary arterial hypertension be contraindicated?
1. A 55-year-old with insulin-dependent diabetes 2. A 49-year-old with unstable angina treated with nitrates 3. A 65-year-old with restrictive lung disease 4. A 80-year-old with cirrhosis